Emulsion-fuel compound.



imIT D STATES PATENT op nion. HERBERT J. mower; AND'EUGENE. B. CLARK, OF wAsrnNG'roN,

ms'rruor OECOLUMBIA, ADMINISTRATORS or WILLIAM FRANK EMULSION-FUEL COMPOUND;

' no. 827,139. I Specification a: Letter; Patent. Patented July 31', 1906.

Application filed February 8,1805- Berlal No. 244.827. i

To ll whom it mag concern: which may be discharged 'andburned in a Be it known that WILLIAM FRANK furnace or stored in a holder for future use. .BROWNE, deceased, formerly of Washington, The required proportions of thelmaterials District of Columbia, did invent certain new 'to make a gas consisting of carbon monoxld. 5 and useful Im rovements in Emulsion-Fuel and hydrogen'gas are water fifty-eight parts, Compounds, 0 which the following-fie a full, peat thirty-seven parts, and crude petr o clear, and exact descri tion, 'suchas will eneum five parts, yhich will 'eld fifty thouable others skilled in t e art to which it apsand five hundre cubic feet of CO and-H gas pertains to make and use the same.

ro This inve'ntionrelates to a new emulsiontions of the materials com osing the emulfuel compound manufactured from peat, oil, sion fuel can be change thus using a and water, the ingredients of which are subcomparatively small proportion of water at jected to a milling process for reducing them the time of grinding t 0 ingredients together to a fine homogeneous emulsion which can and then adding the required amount of wa-,

r 5 be forced into suitably-heated coils or conter at the place of use, so that the equivalent duits wherein gas or gaseous vapor is conof a ton of coal in heat units can be stored tinuously generated and discharged for within the limits of thirt -five cubic feet. illuminating. or heating purposes. Part of the etroleum or other hydrocarbon The invention consists in a new emulsion.- oil can'also e added at the place of use and no fuel compound composed of peat, oi1,andforced with the peat and water into heated water made by grins-mg or otherwise mixing conduits. the'jngredients together in suitable pro 'or-. The great obstacle heretofore experienced tions in a mill, or other device wherein t ey in the use of peat for fuel pu oses consisted per one ton of emulsion-fuel. --The"propor 60 will be intimately mixed and made into a in the expenseof mining an preparing the 5 semili uid emulsion which remains in an ineat in suitable manner for the market; separa le condition without precipitation. -he peat after being mined or cut from the As each ingredient is possessed of a differbog 1s ship ed to a central point and then ent gravity, they would without being emulrun throug "a mixin -mill and from there sifie deposit in separate zones, the peat oveiia large area of shallow tanks or aprons 0 having the greater gravity would precipitate, or their equivalents, where it, dries to .a dewhile the oil being the lightest in gravity gree of hardness, and is then cut into suitwould rise and float on top of the water; able'forms and pressed into solid blocks, but when these three ingre ients are propwhich are piled up and thoroughly dried,

' erl) emulsified, thus breakin up the cellunaturall or by artificial means. Thlsmeth- 5 5 lar structure of the peat, it wilcombine with 0d of o taining a fuel roduct requires a the oil and the mixture remain in suspension great amount of mani u ation and ex ense, throughout the mass or body of emulsion. which makes the pro not so costly t at it If the .oil is in excess, the peat will float; but cannot successfully competewith other fuels. when in the right proportion the peat and Hence the use of cat for a fuel in this couno 40 oil will remain diffused throughout the mass. try has become a most entirely-obsolete. If,

In the manufacture of this fuel compound however, the peat could be put on the the peat is thrown, or otherwise fed into a market so as to successfully compete with suitable mill to which are supplied suitable other fuels, it would be used to a great exro ortions of water and p'etro sum or other tent in many localities throughout the coun- '45 y rocarbon liquid and ground and intimately mixed to form an emulsion, which is Instead cf eliminating the water from the conducted tl'lerefrom to a storage-tank, from peat, however paradoxical it may seem, more which. t{it can be drawn intotransportingwater is added to successfully make an emul- I tanks 56 it ma be forced through heated conduits for emulsion fuel by the new method it is wherem'gas of gaseous vapor is generated, only necessary torun it with the required nd conveyed to places of use, where sion with'oil. Therefore in preparing peat 10c it is being pumped additional amount of water and hydrocarbon liquid through a'suitable mill, wherein onits passage through the same the peat willlbe ground with the other ingredients into a suitable emulsion.

Water to the extent of eighty per cent. of the compound can be utilized in making an emulsion for ordinary work, such as gasifying to burn in boiler-'furnacesto generates team, while in some classes offwork where the heat is cumulative upward of ninety per cent. of

water can be used, whichconstitutes avery important discovery when. practically ap plied to furnaces in which refractory ores and other analogous substances are treated.

The proportions of the different ingredients are varied to make different qualities of gas or to produce a flame suited to different kinds of work. The petroleum may be varied from five parts to twenty or more parts, and the parts s ondingl y varied. The peat may be ground alone and then mixed with water-and the oil in suitable proportions, and the mixture may be agitated for maintaining uniformity while into gas-generating coils or conduits.

One of the formulas used in practice and which givessatisfactory-results 1s as follows: hydrocarbon oil, twenty-five percent. peatpaste, thirty per" per cent.

By grinding the peat to a fine paste the cellular structure thereof is broken, thereby libcrating a viscid liquid composed of hydrocarbon oil and water which is in the condition If oil and water are at the viscid liquid combines with the oil and water form of an emulsion.

and greatly assists them towcombine in the The peatis also absorbserve as a binder for the water. While oil has an ant and seemsto emulsified oil and 4 affinity for peat and water, it does not have an affinity for water alone, cult to keep a mixture of in afixed and uniform and it is very diflioil and water only condition. Some of water and peat will be corre cent, and water, forty-five other material, such as finely-ground or lpasty peat, is necessary tohold them toget er in the condition of an emulsion. The peat is round to a true paste and serves admirably for the above-described purpose. Powdered coal'will not serve as a substitute for cat for making an emulsion'or as a for oil and water in an emulsion. -sion-fuel compound can be forced able pump through pipes over lon It can be ground so fine that it can e um ped equally as well as water and without obstructing the valves of the pump, and,'furthermore the finer the peat is ground the more rapid will be thexchemical action in'decom osmg water when subjected to the require heat.

In Letters PatentNo. 728,854, granted to William F. Browne- May.26, 1903, an emulsion-fuel compound composed of water is fully described and claime What is herein claimed is- 1. The herein-described emulsion fuel con sisting of peat, hydrocarbon ll( uid and wa ter, the fied wit the hydrocarbon li uid and-Water to form a homogeneous emu sion-fuel compound,-of a suitable consistency to be forced into heated conduits for generating fuel-gas. 2. The herein-described method of preparing an emulsion-fuel compound which consists in reducing peat to a state of molecular division and grinding .it with hydrocarbon liquidiand water, in suitable roportions, till the ingredients are emulsified and the heavier matter caused to remain in suspension 'ethroughout the mass in the condition of an emulsion, adapted to be forced into heated conduits for generating combustible gas.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in the presence of two witnesses.

HERBERT J. BROWNE,

EUGENE B. CLARK, Administraltonsof the estate ofWilliam Frank Brownefdeceased. itnesses: V

HUGH M. STERLING,

ound inder by a suit- M. M. AKERs.

This en1uldistances.

peat and- 7 1peat being finely' divide and emulsi- 

